全国职业病防治院（所）工作试行条例
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全国职业病防治院（所）工作试行条例
全国职业病防治院（所）工作试行条例
1980年8月28日，卫生部
第一章 总 则
第一条 职业病防治工作是我国社会主义卫生事业的一个重要组成部分。为加强职业病防治和研究工作，保护工人身体健康，为实现四个现代化服务，特制定本条例。
第二条 职业病防治院（所）必须坚持“预防为主”的方针，树立为广大职工群众服务，为生产服务的观点，积极完成职业病防治和科研工作任务。
第三条 本条例适用于全国各省、市、自治区和工业交通部门的职业病防治院（所），也适用于劳动卫生研究所、卫生防疫站的劳动卫生科和工业卫生研究所。
第二章 性质和任务
第四条 职业病防治院（所）是在各级卫生行政部门领导下，进行职业病防治和科学研究工作的卫生事业单位，是职业病防治与研究工作的技术指导中心。
第五条 职业病防治院（所）的基本任务是负责本地区、本系统工业生产各种职业性危害的防治与研究工作，并指导地、市开展业务技术工作。
第六条 各级职业病防治和研究机构的主要任务：
1．省、市、自治区职业病防治院（所）
（一）负责组织本地区厂矿企业劳动条件的卫生学评价、新工人就业前体检和职业病普查工作；
（二）组织开展职业病诊断及治疗工作；
（三）开展劳动卫生、职业病、卫生标准和职业病诊断标准的科学研究工作；
（四）做好卫生监督的业务技术工作；
（五）参加和指导地、市职防所开展防治工作；
（六）负责业务技术骨干的培训工作；
（七）建立职业病报告制度，定期向上级主管部门统计报告；
（八）指导“五小工业”的卫生工作；
（九）协助有关部门开展职业病患者劳动能力鉴定工作。
2．各工业交通部门职业病防治所是本系统职业病防治与研究的业务指导中心，主要负责本系统工业生产中的职业病防治课题，协助和指导厂矿职防所（或职工医院的职业病科）开展职业病防治与研究工作，并负责本系统业务技术骨干培训工作。
3．地、市（区）职业病防治所，主要负责本地区厂矿企业中有毒有害物质的监测、劳动条件的卫生学评价和卫生监督的技术工作；开展职业病普查、诊断、治疗和职业病患者的劳动能力鉴定工作；指导厂矿卫生医疗单位的职业病防治工作。
4．城市综合医院和厂矿职工医院职业病科，负责有害作业工人健康检查、职业病诊断治疗、职业病的调查统计报告及职业病患者的劳动能力鉴定等工作。
第三章 机构与编制
第七条 职业病防治院（所）要配备坚强的政治、业务、后勤领导干部。
第八条 各级职业病防治院（所）的科室设置要因地制宜，但一般应包括劳动卫生、职业病临床、化学检验、情报资料等方面的防治和研究科室。
第九条 省、市、自治区职业病防治院（所）要设一定数量的病床。人员编制和床位数应根据所辖地区的工业比重、产业工人数以及职业性危害情况来确定。
第十条 各工交部门职业病防治所，根据实际需要设置一定数量的病床，科研、管理人员的比例可根据工作需要适当安排。附属临床部，可按床位与人员一比一点二的比例另配人员。
第十一条 地、市（区）级职业病防治所的编制，可按每万名产业工人配备三人，每辖一个县（区）再增加三人，临床部分按一比一点二比例配备人员。
第十二条 职工人数在五千人以上的厂矿企业，其职业病防治人员编制按每一千名职工配备一人，职工人数在五千人以下一千人以上的厂矿企业，可按每八百名职工配备一人。职工人数在千人以下的，要有专职或兼职人员分管职业病防治工作。职业病危害严重的厂矿企业可适当增加编制。
第十三条 工业比较集中的城市综合医院和厂矿职工医院职业病科要有一定比例的专业人员和床位数；工业发达地区的县医院，根据条件和工作需要也要设职业病科。
第十四条 职业病防治院（所）的专业人员技术职称，根据其实际所从事的固定工作性质而定，研究人员按科研机构定职称；临床人员按综合医院定职称；从事卫生专业人员按卫生防疫人员定技术职称；其它各类专业技术人员按其专业定相应的职称。
第十五条 职防人员的考核、晋升按《卫生技术人员技术考核标准》和《卫生技术人员职称及晋升条例（试行）》办理。对有所发明创造、工作成绩优异者要给予奖励。
第四章 附 则
第十六条 职业病防治院（所）在工作中，应与劳动、环保部门和工会组织密切配合，共同搞好劳动卫生职业病防治工作。
第十七条 后勤工作要保证业务工作的正常进行，职业病防治工作的事业经费、基建经费、科研经费，要纳入本地区、本部门事业计划，予以保证。
第十八条 对从事职业病防治工作中接触有毒有害物质的工作人员，要按卫生部、财政部、国家劳动总局颁布的《医疗卫生津贴试行办法》的规定给予保健待遇和工作服、工作鞋等个人防护用品。
第十九条 凡过去卫生部门颁发的文件与本条例不一致的，一律照本条例执行。
第二十条 本条例由卫生部负责解释和修订。
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国务院关于鼓励台湾同胞投资的规定(附英文)
国务院关于鼓励台湾同胞投资的规定(附英文)
国务院
第一条 为促进大陆和台湾地区的经济技术交流，以利于祖国海峡两岸的共同繁荣，鼓励台湾的公司、企业和个人（以下统称台湾投资者）在大陆投资，制定本规定。
第二条 台湾投资者可以在大陆各省、自治区、直辖市、经济特区投资。
鼓励台湾投资者到海南省以及福建、广东、浙江等省沿海地带划定的岛屿和地区从事土地开发经营。
第三条 台湾投资者在大陆可以下列形式进行投资：
（一）举办台湾投资者拥有全部资本的企业；
（二）举办合资经营企业、合作经营企业；
（三）开展补偿贸易、来料加工装配、合作生产；
（四）购买企业的股票和债券；
（五）购置房产；
（六）依法取得土地使用权，开发经营；
（七）法律、法规允许的其他投资形式。
第四条 台湾投资者可以在大陆的工业、农业、服务业以及其他符合社会和经济发展方向的行业投资。台湾投资者可以从各地方人民政府有关部门公布的项目中选择投资项目，也可以自行提出投资项目意向，向拟投资地区对外经济贸易部门或者地方人民政府指定的审批机关申请。
国家鼓励台湾投资者投资举办产品出口企业和先进技术企业，并给予相应的优惠待遇。
第五条 台湾投资者在大陆投资举办拥有全部资本的企业、合资经营企业和合作经营企业（以下统称台胞投资企业），除适用本规定外，参照执行国家有关涉外经济法律、法规的规定，享受相应的外商投资企业待遇。
台湾投资者在大陆进行其他形式的投资，以及在大陆没有设立营业机构而有来源于大陆的股息、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，除适用本规定外，也可以参照执行国家有关涉外经济法律、法规的规定。
第六条 台湾投资者可以用可自由兑换货币、机器设备或者其他实物、工业产权、专有技术等作为投资。
第七条 台湾投资者在大陆的投资、购置的资产、工业产权、投资所得利润和其他合法权益受国家法律保护，并可以依法转让和继承。
台湾投资者在大陆的活动应当遵守国家的法律、法规。
第八条 国家对台湾投资者的投资和其他资产不实行国有化。
第九条 国家根据社会公共利益的需要，对台胞投资企业实行征收时，依照法律程序进行并给予相应的补偿。
第十条 台湾投资者投资获得的合法利润，其他合法收入和清算后的资金，可以依法汇往境外。
第十一条 台胞投资企业在其投资总额内进口本企业所需的机器设备、生产用车辆和办公设备，以及台胞个人在企业工作期间运进自用的、合理数量的生活用品和交通工具，免缴进口关税、工商统一税，免领进口许可证。
台胞投资企业进口用于生产出口产品的原材料、燃料、散件、零部件、元器件、配套件，免缴进口关税、工商统一税，免领进口许可证，由海关实行监管。上述进口料件，如用于在大陆销售的产品，应当按照国家规定补办进口手续，并照章补税。
台胞投资企业生产的出口产品，除国家限制出口的外，免缴出口关税和工商统一税。
第十二条 台胞投资企业可以向大陆的金融机构借款，也可以向境外的金融机构借款，并可以本企业资产和权益抵押、担保。
第十三条 台湾投资者拥有全部资本的企业，经营期限由投资者自行确定；合资经营企业和合作经营企业，经营期限由合资或者合作各方协商确定，也可以不规定经营期限。
第十四条 合资经营企业董事会的组成和董事长的委派、合作经营企业董事会或者联合管理机构的组成和董事长或者联合管理机构主任的委派，可以参照出资比例或者合作条件由合资或者合作各方协商决定。
第十五条 台胞投资企业依照经批准的合同、章程进行经营管理活动。企业的经营管理自主权不受干涉。
第十六条 在大陆投资的台胞个人以及台胞投资企业从境外聘请的技术和管理人员，可以申请办理多次入出境的证件。
第十七条 台湾投资者在大陆投资可以委托大陆的亲友为其代理人。代理人应当持有具有法律效力的委托书。
第十八条 在台胞投资企业集中的地区，台湾投资者可以向当地人民政府申请成立台商协会。
第十九条 台湾投资者在大陆投资举办合资经营企业、合作经营企业，由大陆的合资、合作方负责申请；举办台湾投资者拥有全部资本的企业，由台湾投资者直接申请或者委托在大陆的亲友、咨询服务机构等代为申请。台湾投资者投资举办企业的申请，由当地对外经济贸易部门或者地
方人民政府指定的审批机关统一受理。
台胞投资企业的审批，按照国务院规定的权限办理。各级对外经济贸易部门或者地方人民政府指定的审批机关应当在收到全部申请文件之日起45天内决定批准或者不批准。
申请人应当在收到批准证书之日起30天内，按照有关登记管理办法，向工商行政管理机关申请登记，领取营业执照。
第二十条 台湾投资者在大陆投资因履行合同发生的或者与合同有关的争议，当事人应当尽可能通过协商或者调解解决。
当事人不愿协商、调解的，或者协商、调解不成的，可以依据合同中的仲裁条款或者事后达成的书面仲裁协议，提交大陆或者香港的仲裁机构仲裁。
当事人没有在合同中订立仲裁条款，事后又没有达成书面仲裁协议的，可以向人民法院起诉。
第二十一条 本规定由对外经济贸易部负责解释。
第二十二条 本规定自发布之日起施行。
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
PROVISIONS OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF
INVESTMENTS BY COMPATRIOTS FROM TAIWAN
(Adopted by the Tenth Executive Meeting of the State Council on
June 25, 1988, promulgated by Decree No. 7 of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China on July 3, 1988, and effective as of the date
of promulgation)
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated in order to promote economic and
technological exchanges between China's mainland and the region of Taiwan,
thereby boosting common prosperity of the two parts of the motherland on
both sides of the Straits, and to encourage companies, enterprises and
individuals on Taiwan (hereinafter referred to as "investors from Taiwan")
to make investments on China's mainland.
Article 2
Investors from Taiwan may make investments in all provinces, autonomous
regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and special
economic zones on China's mainland.
Investors from Taiwan are encouraged to engage themselves in land
development operations in Hainan Province and on the designated islands
and in areas along the coastal regions of the Provinces of Fujian,
Guangdong and Zhejiang.
Article 3
The investments made by investors from Taiwan on China's mainland may take
the following forms:
(1) to establish enterprises with the capital wholly owned by investors
from Taiwan;
(2) to establish equity or contractual joint ventures;
(3) to carry out compensation trade, to process supplied materials, to
assemble supplied parts, and to carry out contractual production;
(4) to purchase shares and various kinds of bonds and debentures of
existing enterprises;
(5) to purchase real estate;
(6) to obtain land use right according to law and to engage in land
development operations; and
(7) to adopt other forms of investment permitted under the laws and
regulations.
Article 4
Investors from Taiwan may make investments in various trades in China's
mainland: industries, agriculture, service trades, and other trades that
are in conformity with the orientation of social and economic development.
Investors from Taiwan may select investment projects from the lists of
projects published by the departments concerned under various local
people's governments; they may also put forward, of their own accord,
proposals as to their investment intent and file their applications to the
departments of foreign economic relations and trade or to the examining
and approving organs designated by various local people's governments in
areas where they intend to make investments.
The State encourages investors from Taiwan to make investments in the
establishment of export oriented enterprises and of technological advanced
enterprises and gives corresponding preferential treatment to such
enterprises.
Article 5
With respect to the various types of enterprises established with
investments by investors from Taiwan - enterprises with the capital wholly
owned by investors from Taiwan, equity and contractual joint ventures
(hereinafter referred to as "enterprises with investments by compatriots
from Taiwan"), they shall all be operated in accordance with these
Provisions; in addition to this, they may also enjoy the corresponding
preferential treatment as enjoyed by enterprises with foreign investments
with reference to the relevant provisions in foreign-related economic
laws, decrees and regulations of the state.
With respect to the other forms of investment made by investors from
Taiwan on China's mainland, and with respect to those investors from
Taiwan who have not set up business offices on the mainland, but have
dividends, interest, rental, royalties and other incomes that come from
China's mainland, in addition to the application of these Provisions,
reference shall be made to the relevant foreign-related economic law,
decrees and regulations.
Article 6
Investors from Taiwan may make investments by using freely convertible
currencies, machinery and equipment or other physical goods, industrial
property right, and proprietary technology.
Article 7
The investments made on China's mainland by investors from Taiwan, the
assets they have purchased, their industrial property rights, their
profits from investments, and other lawful rights and interests shall be
protected by state laws, and may be transferred or inherited according to
law.
Investors from Taiwan shall, in their activities on China's mainland,
abide by state laws, decrees and regulations.
Article 8
The state shall not nationalize the investments made by investors from
Taiwan or other assets belonging to them.
Article 9
Where the state, in light of the needs of social and public interest, has
to requisition the enterprises with investments by compatriots from
Taiwan, the State shall handle the requisitioning according to the legal
procedures and the investors concerned shall be duly compensated.
Article 10
The lawful profits gained by the investors from Taiwan from their
investments, their other lawful income and the funds after liquidation may
be remitted out of China's mainland according to law.
Article 11
Machinery and equipment imported to meet the needs of the enterprises with
investments by compatriots from Taiwan and included in the total amount of
investment, the motor vehicles for use in production, the office
equipment, as well as the articles and means of communications for
personal use and within reasonable quantities, imported by individual
compatriots from Taiwan during the period when they work in the aforesaid
enterprises shall be exempted from Customs duties and consolidated
industrial and commercial tax, and also from application of import
licences.
The raw and processed materials, fuels, bulk parts, spare and component
parts, primary parts, and fittings, which are imported by the enterprises
with investments by compatriots from Taiwan for the production of export
commodities, shall all be exempted from Customs duties and consolidated
industrial and commercial tax and also from obtaining import licences, and
placed under the supervision of the Customs. In case that the aforesaid
imported raw materials and parts are used for the production of
commodities to be sold on the market of China's mainland, it is imperative
to make up the procedures for importation and to pay taxes and duties
according to the regulations. The export commodities produced by the
enterprises with investments by compatriots from Taiwan shall, with the
exception of those commodities the export of which is under restriction by
the state, be exempted from Customs duties on export goods and
consolidated industrial and commercial tax.
Article 12
Enterprises with investments by compatriots from Taiwan may obtain loans
from financial institutions of China's mainland; they may also obtain
loans from financial institutions outside China's mainland, and may use
their assets as well as their rights and interests as mortgage or
security.
Article 13
With respect to the enterprises with the capital wholly owned by investors
from Taiwan, their period of operation shall be determined by the
investors themselves; as to equity and contractual joint ventures their
period of operation shall be determined, through consultation, by the
various parties to the ventures, they may also choose not to stipulate a
period of operation.
Article 14
The composition of the board of directors of equity joint ventures and the
appointment of the chairman of the board of directors, the composition of
the board of directors or of the joint managerial organs of contractual
joint ventures and the appointment of the chairman or the appointment of
the director of the joint managerial organs, shall be determined, through
consultation, by the various parties to the equity or contractual joint
ventures in light of the proportion of investments or the terms of
contract.
Article 15
Enterprises with investments by compatriots from Taiwan shall conduct
their operational and managerial activities in accordance with the
approved contract or articles of association. The enterprises' decision-
making power for business operations and management shall not be
interfered with.
Article 16
The technical and managerial personnel, engaged by individuals and
enterprises investing on China's mainland may apply and obtain multiple-
journey travel documents.
Article 17
The investors from Taiwan, who make investments on China's mainland, may
appoint their relatives or friends residing on the mainland as their
agents. The agents should hold legally effective letters of authority.
Article 18
In areas where enterprises with investments by compatriots from Taiwan are
concentrated, the investors from Taiwan may apply to the local people's
government for the establishment of the association of investors from
Taiwan.
Article 19
With respect to equity and contractual joint ventures to be established,
on China's mainland, with investments by investors from Taiwan, the
application for the establishment of the aforesaid enterprises shall be
filed by the mainland party; as o the enterprises to be established with
capital wholly owned by investors from Taiwan, the application shall be
filed directly by the investors from Taiwan themselves, or they may
entrust their relatives or friends residing on the mainland, or entrust
the institution providing advisory services, with the application. The
applications for the establishment of enterprises with investments by
investors from Taiwan shall be accepted and handled, in a unified manner,
by the local department for foreign economic relations and trade, or by
the examining and approving organs designated by the local people's
government. Cases concerning the examination and approval of the
application for the establishment of enterprises with investments by
compatriots from Taiwan shall be handled in accordance with the authority
prescribed by the State Council. Departments for foreign economic
relations and trade at various levels or the examining and approving
organs designated by the local people's government shall, within forty-
five days of receipt of complete application documents, make the decision
on whether the said application is approved or disapproved.
The applicants shall, within thirty days receipt of the written approval,
file an application to the department for the administration of industry
and commerce, and, in accordance with the relevant procedures for
registration and administration, go through the procedures for
registration and obtain business licences.
Article 20
With respect to the investors from Taiwan who have made investments in
China's mainland, in case that a dispute arises during the execution of,
or in connection with, a contract, the parties concerned shall try their
best to settle the dispute through consultation or mediation.
Where the parties concerned are unwilling to settle the dispute through
consultation or mediation, or the consultation or mediation has failed,
the parties concerned may, in accordance with the stipulation of the
arbitration articles in the contract, or in accordance with the written
arbitration agreement reached by the parties concerned after the dispute
has arisen, submit their dispute to the arbitration authorities on China's
mainland or in Hong Kong for settlement.
In the event that the parties concerned did not include an arbitration
article in their contract, and on written arbitration agreement has been
reached after the dispute has arisen, then the dispute may be brought
before the people's court.
Article 21
The right to interpret these Provisions resides in the Ministry of Foreign
Economic Relations and Trade.
Article 22
These Provisions shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
1988年7月3日
关于当前应对金融危机加强银行业金融机构财务和风险管理的意见
关于当前应对金融危机加强银行业金融机构财务和风险管理的意见
财金[2009]40号
各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅(局)，各银监局，各中央管理的银行业金融机构：
为应对国际金融危机，落实党中央、国务院提出“扩内需保增长、调结构上水平、抓改革增活力、重民生促和谐”的宏观调控要求，各有关部门陆续出台了一系列财税、金融、产业等政策措施，形成了促进经济平稳较快发展的政策体系。银行业金融机构积极采取应对措施，调整发展战略，增加信贷投放，加强经营管理，提高服务质量，取得初步成效。为进一步加大金融支持经济发展的力度，提升银行业金融机构防范和化解风险的能力，推动国民经济平稳健康发展，现就加强银行业金融机构财务和风险管理的有关问题提出如下意见：
一、进一步提高金融服务质量，全力支持经济发展。提高服务质量是银行业金融机构应当履行的基本社会责任和义务。银行业金融机构要坚持以科学发展观统领全局，深入贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施以及《国务院办公厅关于当前金融促进经济发展的若干意见》(国办发[2008]126号)精神，切实加大金融支持经济发展的力度，充分发挥信贷政策的导向功能和支持作用，更好地贯彻落实国家“保增长、扩内需、调结构”的政策要求，全面提升服务国民经济的效率、能力和质量，全力促进经济平稳较快发展。
二、高度关注借款企业财务管理，确保贷款质量稳定。借款企业的财务稳健程度是影响银行业金融机构信贷资金安全的重要因素。银行业金融机构要按照《财政部关于当前应对金融危机加强企业财务管理的若干意见》(财企[2009]52号)要求，高度关注借款企业财务管理状况，把借款企业财务管理的各项内容作为贷前调查、贷时审查、贷后检查的条件和标准之一。要高度关注借款企业对外担保以及其他或有负债情况，尤其是关联企业之间相互担保和循环担保，及时调整授信额度和信贷管理策略，防止信贷风险积聚。在开展并购贷款业务时，要按照《商业银行并购贷款风险管理指引》相关规定，认真分析和评估并购贷款风险，避免因企业盲目扩张造成银行信贷资金损失。在目前信贷业务发展较快的特殊时期，更要统筹处理好有效发展和审慎经营的关系，增强对风险的判断和识别能力，确保新发放贷款经得起历史检验。
三、强化内部风险控制，切实防范市场和操作风险。完善的内控体系是有效防范风险的基础。银行业金融机构要全面加强风险管理，加强内控和合规文化建设。要合理配置资产，做好流动性监测和风险预警。要加强对全球主要货币汇率、主要金融市场利率波动的分析研判，加强对持有的外币资产市值变化的评估与监控，及时实施动态操作，有效防范汇率风险。要积极适应国内利率政策的调整，提升利率变化应对能力。要全面加强信息化建设，科学系统规划，提升信息系统风险管理功能，确保信息化建设的协同性和安全性。要进一步完善操作风险管理系统建设，毫不松懈地抓好各类案件防控工作，有效防控各类案件特别是大案要案的发生。
四、及时足额提取拨备，努力化解不良资产。充足的拨备是银行业金融机构抵御风险、稳健经营和促进经济发展的基础。银行业金融机构要严格按照《财政部关于印发<金融企业呆账准备提取管理办法>的通知》(财金[2005]49号)等财务制度和有关会计准则与监管要求，准确分类和真实反映不良贷款，及时足额计提各项损失准备，提高拨备充足率水平，夯实财务基础。要根据国家有关呆账核销、贷款重组和减免的有关政策，加大不良贷款清收、盘活和核销等处置力度，及时化解不良资产，提高资产质量。
五、审慎开展境外并购，防范境外投资风险。受国际金融危机影响，银行业金融机构境外投资并购面临机遇和挑战。银行业金融机构应在立足境内市场的基础上，审慎实施境外投资并购。要根据银行业金融机构发展战略、财务状况和风险承受能力，分析研究投资并购的必要性和可行性，尤其是要分析并购的协同效应，合理选择投资并购对象，避免因盲目扩张造成不必要的损失。要高度关注国际市场汇率变化等经济指标，深入研究被投资国的政治、法律环境及社会状况等因素，储备专业化并购和管理人才，采取有效风险隔离措施，规避投资并购风险。要按照国家法律法规和企业内部管理制度，严格履行境外投资并购的内部决策和外部审批程序。
六、加强委托代理业务管理，努力降低表外风险。银行业金融机构要高度重视委托代理业务风险，加强委托代理业务管理，认真审查被代理企业风险管理能力、内部控制水平以及内部决策程序，加强售前、售中、售后全过程管理，做到风险可测、成本可算、信息披露充分。要针对在资本市场高点发行的理财产品陆续到期的情况，早做预判、早定预案，切实维护市场声誉和形象，维护金融和社会稳定。要加强对理财产品投资者的宣传和培训，帮助投资者充分掌握有关产品的信息和特点，有效识别和评估潜在风险，避免误导投资者。
七、着力加强成本控制，避免费用刚性增长。银行业金融机构要自觉自律地加强支出管理，合理控制费用支出规模，优化费用支出结构，避免各项费用刚性增长。要深刻认识目前国际国内经济形势的严峻性和复杂性，增强危机意识和忧患意识，共克时艰，避免进一步拉大行业收入水平与社会平均收入水平的差距。要合理控制高管人员薪酬，坚决防止脱离国情、经济形势、行业发展以及企业自身实际发放过高薪酬。要加强对经营管理费用的控制和审查，坚决遏制违规开支和讲排场、摆阔气等奢侈浪费行为。要进一步完善财务制度，严肃财务纪律，加强对各项费用开支的管理，提高资金使用效益，节支增效。
八、加强财务分析与风险预警，提高战略决策能力。财务风险分析和预警是企业控制未来财务风险的重要方法，也是进行经营决策的重要依据。银行业金融机构要准确把握宏观经济形势和市场发展变化，高度关注宏观经济运行信息及重要指标，合理确定各项财务指标和目标任务，科学预判未来财务活动和财务成果。要加强经济、财务、市场、政策等信息体系建设，强化财务风险分析和预警与企业发展战略的相互衔接，合理运用财务风险分析和预测方法，提高财务管理水平，提升战略决策能力。
九、深化公司治理改革，维护出资人利益。公司治理结构是现代企业制度的核心内容。近年来，大型国有银行通过股份制改革和公开发行上市，初步搭建了公司治理架构，但公司治理的理念和实际运作机制需要进一步完善。要坚持以股东利益最大化为核心，不断改进经营管理，切实维护出资人权益，妥善处理好国家、企业、个人之间的利益关系。要按《公司法》要求，在股东大会、董事会、监事会、高级管理层之间建立清晰的职责边界和有效制衡的运作机制。要强化股权董事和独立董事作用，董事会及董事必须切实履行监督职责以及对企业的“忠诚义务”、“看管责任”。要有效发挥监事会的监督作用，加大监事会对董事会及高级管理层的质询和监督力度。
财政部 银监会
二○○九年五月二十六日
